Tax Resident: New immigrants are generally considered Canadian tax residents from the first day they land in Canada and are required to pay taxes to the Canadian government on their global income. The tax residency status is not directly related to whether one holds Canadian citizenship or a Maple Leaf Card, but is determined based on the "residential connection" (such as residence, spouse or children residing in Canada, etc.).
Non tax resident: If a new immigrant has not established a significant residential connection with Canada (such as staying for less than 183 days), they may be considered a non tax resident and only need to pay taxes on their income in Canada.

Global income declaration: Canadian tax residents are required to declare global income, including wages, investment income, property gains, etc. Taxes already paid in other countries can be offset against Canadian taxes, but the difference may still need to be paid.
First tax declaration: New immigrants are required to declare their global income from the date of entry to December 31st during their first tax declaration. Even if income is not subject to taxation before entry, it is still necessary to report to the tax bureau to determine eligibility for benefits.
Overseas asset declaration: If a new immigrant owns assets with a total value exceeding CAD 100000 (such as deposits, properties, stocks, etc.) overseas, they need to declare them through Form T1135. These assets will not be subject to taxation upon declaration, but if they generate income (such as interest, rent, etc.) after becoming a tax resident, they will be subject to taxation.

GST/HST Tax Refund: New immigrants can apply for a Low Income Family Tax Refund (GST/HST Credit), with the specific amount based on family income and size. Annual personal income tax declaration (T1 declaration form) is required to qualify.
First time homebuyer tax credit: First time homebuyers (such as those purchasing single family homes, apartments, etc.) can apply for a non refundable tax credit of up to CAD 10000.
Deduction of moving expenses: If moving for work exceeds 40 kilometers, relevant moving expenses can be deducted.

Declaration deadline: The deadline for regular tax reporting is April 30th each year, and self-employed individuals can extend it to June 15th. If there are any outstanding taxes, they must be paid before April 30th to avoid fines.
Tax Assessment Notice (NOA): After tax reporting, the tax bureau will issue an NOA to confirm the tax assessment results. NOA is an important document for applying for loans or benefits.
Tax software and CRA services: Free tax reporting tools such as Wealthsimple Tax or CRA's "My Account" and "Auto fill my return" services can be used to simplify the reporting process.

Tax disputes: If there are objections to the assessment results of the tax bureau, an appeal can be made to the Canadian Tax Court.
Consequences of Failure to File Taxes: Failure to file taxes on time may result in fines, impact on welfare benefits (such as GST/HST refunds, milk money, etc.), and delay in obtaining NOA.
Tax planning: It is recommended that new immigrants consult professional tax consultants to optimize tax strategies, ensure compliance, and maximize tax benefits.

Social Insurance Number (SIN): New immigrants need to apply for SIN as soon as possible for tax reporting and welfare application.
Confirmation of tax residency status: If the tax residency status is uncertain, one can apply to the tax bureau for formal confirmation.